The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve lies on the floodplains of the Sapta Koshi River in the south-eastern Terai. The reserve was gazetted in 1976 to preserve the habitat for the only remaining population of Wild buffalo, Arna (Bubalus arnee). The 176 sq. km. reserve is Nepal's smallest wildlife reserve. The eastern and western embankments of the Sapta Koshi River define the area. In 1987, Koshi Tappu was declared a Ramsar site, a wetland of international significance. The Government of Nepal declared the buffer zone ( 173.5 sq. km ) surrounding the reserve in 2004.

The vegetation is composed mainly of tall grasslands. There are also small patches of Accacia and Sisso forest and deciduous mixed Riverine forest. The reserve accommodates a variety of wildlife. The last surviving population of Wild buffalo is found here. The remaining (estimated) population of wild buffalo is only around 159 individuals, and is dwindling. They are distinguished from domestic buffalo by their much bigger horns. The reserve is also home to around 20 other animal species such as hog deer, wild boar, spotted deer, blue bull, and rock python.

Around 441 species of birds-many seen now here else in Nepal (14 endemic species)- have been recorded, including 20 duck species, 2 Ibis species, white tailed stonechat, striated marsh warbler, 30 shore birds, 114 water birds, and the endangered swamp partridge and Bengal florican. The Koshi River is home to 80 species of fish. The endangered Gharial crocodile and Gangetic dolphin have been recorded in the river as well.

On our tours to Koshi Tappu was can offer boating, safari by jeep, birding tours, nature walks, a drive to Koshi Barrage and Elephant riding. Please contact us for more details.